Rural Marketing Strategy by Colgate free essay sample

From a modest start in 1937, when hand-carts were used to distribute Colgate Dental Cream Toothpaste, Colgate-Palmolive (India) today has one of the widest distribution networks in India – a logistical marvel that makes Colgate available in almost 4. 93 million retail outlets across the country. The Company has grown to a Rs. 2805 crore plus organization with an outstanding record of enhancing value for its strong shareholder base. The company leads the Rs. 5200 crore Indian toothpaste market by holding 53. 2% of the market share. This report details about the strategies that Colgate adapted in order to expand its market share. RURAL MARKET SCOPE IN INDIA According to the FDI World Dental Federation, in rural areas of India, the penetration of oral care products is just one third of that in urban areas. Here people predominantly clean their teeth with natural items like twigs of neem tree, salt and ash. One can conclude that a tremendous opportunity lies in the oral care market in rural India. We will write a custom essay sample on Rural Marketing Strategy by Colgate or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Accenture report gives several indications, including increase in procurement prices resulting in greater purchasing power of rural population allowing consumers to buy discretionary goods. Between 2009 and 2012, spending in rural India reached US$69 billion, significantly higher than the US$55 billion spent by urban populations. Rural India accounts for about 50 percent of India’s GDP and nearly 70 percent of India’s population. STRATEGIES ADOPTED Colgate adopted the following marketing strategies for their low end product, Cibaca Top through which they entered rural segment: 1. ‘Sampark’ – Promotion Strategy Sampark – a specialist in rural advertising, was hired by Colgate to promote their product in the Indian hinterland. Main techniques used were door to door selling and use of publicity vans called A/V vans. These vans were placed at strategic areas on specific market days of different villages in order to access a wider audience. Local salesmen to breach the communication barrier, showcasing of educational films on oral hygiene were additional measures undertaken by Sampark. The major thrust of promotion was through schools and was in line with Colgate’s school dental education plan in collaboration with the Indian Dental Association called â€Å"Young India, Bright Smiles, Bright Futures† 2. Van Model – Distribution Strategy Colgate demanded its distributors to be ‘Intellised’, i. e.  billing information should be computerized through the company software only. They distribute the product to wholesaler and retailer in the assigned rural area. The distributors are given instructions by the company regarding the frequency of visit to be made by the vans to a particular town. An average subsidy of 4% per van, is offered to the distributors based on thei r sales. Distributor’s vans take orders from the wholesalers and retailers on their route and deliver the same on their next scheduled visit. The company gives an initial 5% discount to its distributors, who are asked to provide 10% discount to the wholesalers and retailers. The loss incurred by the distributors is then reimbursed by the company. Thus overall, in order to attract distributor, the company gives extra 10% reimbursement credit on the price of goods sold to wholesalers retailers apart from 5% initial discount. And the wholesalers and retailers avail the margin of approx 15%. 3. Rs 8 Strategy: Colgate-Palmolive (India) Ltd. launched Cibaca Top at an affordable price point of Rs. 8 which was an instant hit, with Cibaca Top garnering a 5. 9 per cent share of the rural market. Cibaca targeted the low price segment that accounted for around 25% of total category volumes. Colgate Cibaca caters to low economy segment as a competitor to brands like Babool, Anchor etc. Consumers preferred Cibaca because of the low rates, flexibility and quality assurance. Moreover, as population and purchasing power of the individuals are increasing there is increased market for toothpaste industry. Apart from the above mentioned strategies, Colgate also decreased their expense on advertisement. Despite low sales in the years 03-05, the company experience increased net profit by decreasing their expenses on advertisement. This can be shown via exhibit number 1 and 2. The green coloured cells indicate the significant increase in the profit.

WWI BLAMES GERMANY essays

WWI BLAMES GERMANY essays Throughout history, the loser had always been the ultimate evil, especially in a world war, in Germanys case. However, it is true that Germany did have responsibilities of starting the war, although she was not the one who sparked initial dispute. She was taking part in the imperialistic game, which made other overseas empires. She was building an enormous navy, which irritated wanted to maintain the 2 power standard. She was rising economically and which also antagonized the great powers of Europe. The attitude of Kaiser was a factor. Her growing powers and allies forced Britain to join the French and Russians to balance out the power. Finally, when Germany signed the blank Austria, which backed Austria up to do what he otherwise wouldnt do, caused spark of the Great War. The Schlieffen Plan also caused the outbreak of the Germany to declare war on France, who then was still neutral, and to step on soil, land which Britain swore to protect. ...

Depression Is Serious Effect of Racism on Children

Depression Is Serious Effect of Racism on Children It’s often said that children don’t see race, but that’s far from true; they not only see race but also feel the effects of racism, which can manifest as depression. Even pre-schoolers notice racial differences between groups, and as children age, they tend to separate themselves into race-based cliques, making some students feel alienated. More problems arise when children use racial stereotypes to bully their classmates. Being ridiculed, ignored or slighted because of race has a detrimental effect on children. Studies show that encountering racial bigotry can lead children to suffer from depression and behavioral problems. Racism can even lead teens and young adults to drop out of school. Sadly, the racial discrimination children experience doesn’t exclusively involve their peers, as adults are perpetrators too. The good news is that children with strong support systems can overcome the challenges racial bigotry presents. Racism, Depression, and Black and Latino Youths A 2010 study of 277 children of color presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies meeting in Vancouver revealed a strong link between racial discrimination and depression. Roughly two-thirds of the study subjects were black or Latino, while another 19 percent were multiracial. Study lead Lee M. Pachter asked the youths if they’d been discriminated against in 23 different ways, including being racially profiled while shopping or called offensive names. Eighty-eight percent of the kids said they had indeed experienced racial discrimination. Pachter and his team of researchers also surveyed the children about their mental health. They found that racism and depression go hand in hand. â€Å"Not only do most minority children experience discrimination, but they experience it in multiple contexts: in schools, in the community, with adults and with peers,† Pachter said. â€Å"It’s kind of like the elephant in the corner of the room. It’s there, but nobody really talks about it. And it may have significant mental and physical health consequences in these children’s lives.† Overcoming Bigotry and Depression The results of a five-year study conducted by researchers in California, Iowa, and Georgia found that racism can lead to depression and behavioral problems. In 2006, the study of more than 700 black youth appeared in the publication of Child Development. The researchers determined that children who’d endured name-calling, race-based insults, and stereotyping were more likely to report trouble sleeping, mood swings, and difficulty concentrating, according to ABC News. Black boys victimized by racism were also more likely to get into fights or shoplift. The silver lining, however, is that children with supportive parents, friends, and teachers weathered the challenges of racism much better than their peers lacking such support networks. â€Å"The outlook was brighter, though, for children whose homes, friends, and schools protected them from discrimination’s negative influences,† said Gene Brody, the study’s lead researcher, in a press release. â€Å"Children, whose parents stayed involved in their lives, kept track of their whereabouts, treated them with warm affection, and communicated clearly with them, were less likely to develop problems due to their experiences with discrimination.† Racism as a Source of Depression in Young Adults Teenagers and young adults are not immune to the effects of racism. According to the University of California, Santa Cruz, college students who experience racism might feel like outsiders on campus or pressure to prove the stereotypes about their racial group wrong. They might also suspect that they’re being treated differently because of race and consider dropping out of school or transferring to another school to alleviate their symptoms of depression and anxiety. With one university after another making headlines in recent years when students organize parties with racially offensive themes, it’s likely that today’s students of color feel even more vulnerable on campus than their predecessors did. Hate crimes, racist graffiti, and small numbers of minority groups in the student body may make a young adult feel completely alienated in academia. UCSC asserts that it’s important for students of color to practice good self-care to prevent racism from sending them into a depression. â€Å"It may sometimes be hard to resist using unhealthy ways to cope, such as using drugs and alcohol excessively or isolating oneself from the broader community,† according to UCSC. â€Å"Taking good care of your physical, mental, and spiritual health will leave you better equipped to cope with the stress of bias, and make empowered choices for yourself.†

Restorative Justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Restorative Justice - Assignment Example ative justice works as a crime prevention tool because any crime cannot be observed out of social context and community justice has a constructive influence on the offender. According to Dignan (2005), restorative justice as an effective tool of crime prevention allows to ‘govern the future’, instead of only thinking about mistakes of the past. The benefits of Restorative Justice to the Community are the following: restorative justice allows the Community to be involved into the process of justice, defining crime not only as lawbreaking, but also as harming to different kinds of victims; restorative justice involves different parties into the process and the problem of crime become not only the problem of the government, but also the problem of the community; restorative justice defines success differently and it allows to understand and satisfy victims’ needs end offenders’ responsibilities in a full degree. Thinking about the benefits of restorative justice to the Offender it becomes understandable that offenders returning to the community after the term of their punishment have a possibility to be successfully reintegrated to their communities and families, and continue normal life, instead of being out of the community for the whole

Why Has the UN Security Council Been So Unsuccessful in Its Attempts Essay

Why Has the UN Security Council Been So Unsuccessful in Its Attempts at Managing World Order - Essay Example To achieve the United Nation’s objective, significant effort has been evident. Nevertheless, in most cases, the results have fallen far short from the goals. In order to meet its goals, the UN has regularly held global conferences to address the security issues. Several factors have contributed to the UNSC’s unsuccessful management global order. One of the factors is the lack of transparency of the council. There have been conflicts regarding the restructuring of the council (Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly, 2005). The members cannot agree on whether to expand the council or let it remain the same. Additionally, lack of democracy in the council has made some states to have a negative attitude towards it. Some of these states do not trust it, and this makes it difficult for it to maintain peace among the conflicting states. The UNSC cannot settle the dispute among the sates that fail to trust it because they will not give it permission to do it. Lack of impleme ntation of resolutions According to Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly (2005), in recent years, the United Nations Security Council has adopted resolutions, but relevant persons fail to implement them basing on their ignorant nature. For this reason, violation of international laws has been evident; hence, conflicts worsening (Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly, 2005). ... Therefore, people do not believe that the UN can bring them peace. Craving for power According to Karen (2011), The UN has not achieved much as far as peace is concerned because of the craving for power. Craving for power has made the governing class in all countries to be hostile to the inadequacy of the nationwide autonomy. The powerful minorities influence the masses, and many of them already have an objective for destructions (Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly, 2005). This has hindered the United Nation Security Council from achieving it goal of maintaining the world order. UK and US war against Iraq According to Karen (2011), The United Nations suffered a great setback when UK and US announced war against Iraq. They declared war against Iraq claiming that it posses huge quantities of mass-destructive arms. The US defined its actions as ‘pre-emptive’ measure, but until now, no WMD existent and they US still carry out its activities in Iraq. The third world co unties are opposing the US’s actions against the Iraq, and are blaming the United Nations Security Council for failing to prevent this. Hence, this has lowered the relevance of the UN Security Council globally. The individuals who believe in the collective response to global security issues could see the difficulties that the UN underwent because of the Iraq war. This is because the war made the confidence in the multilateral system to be undermined. Disagreements in reformation According to Knight (2001), the UN General Assembly has been debating for many years regarding the council reformation but has never reached an agreement. The G4 proposed to be the permanent members of the Security Council. Their permanent membership would augment the Council members. This proposal was opposed by

Nestle Infant Formula as cause of child deaths

Nestle Infant Formula as cause of child deaths Company Background Heinrich Nestle and his family members started off producing carbonated water. They later on also combined cows milk with wheat flour and sugar to produce a substitute of mothers milk for those children who couldnt accept breast feeding. In 1866 a milk food formula was developed for infants who were unable to tolerate their mother milk. His product became a success, and it created a demand throughout Europe. By the 1960s Nestle was one of Switzerlands biggest company with over 200 factories around the world (Nestle, 2009). Nestlà ©Ã‚  considers that research can help them make  better food  so that people live a better life.   Good Food is the primary source of Good Health throughout life. In the first months of life, a babys nutrition needs are very specific and different than any other stage of life. Obtaining energy and nutrients is vital for babies healthy growth and development at this critical stage of life. To meet the specialized needs of infants, Nestlà © Nutrition works with the  Nestlà ©Ã‚  Research  Center  and RD centers to provide infant formulas with total nutrition. We strive to bring consumers foods that are safe, of high quality and provide optimal nutrition to meet physiological needs. In addition to Nutrition, Health and Wellness, Nestlà © products bring consumers the vital ingredients of taste and pleasure. Research is a key part of our heritage at Nestlà © and an essential element of our future. Nestlà © believes that the best food for babies is mothers milk. Mission Statement Breast milk nutrients that nourish protect and promote growth and development. However, for different reasons, not all mothers are able to breastfeed their babies or choose to do so, and need a safe, high-quality alternative that provides babies with the precise nutrition they need in the first months of life (Nestle 1990). Infant formula Industry Infant Formula Industry Development and marketing of milk food product for infants begin in 1867. The Creation of the product progressed due to the urgent need of a substitute for infants who could not consume any food Infant formula foods were matured around the 1920s. As an alternative to breast milk the sales boost after WWII and reached its climax in 1957. The Market took a downturn around the 1970s. Nestlà © then decided to market to countries like Africa, South Africa and Far East because of population growth (Boycott, 2007). Nestle and the Infant Formula 1800 was the century when Henry Nestle founded the infant substitute for breast milk for women who could breast feed their children at the time of their birth. Thus, this led to the death of millions of child infant death. Nestle in the early years marketed Infant formula as the best option for infants and also continued to aggressively promote the milk better then breast feeding. The containers had large writing in blocked letters claimimg the best choice for newly born babies which led to an excessive drop of breast feeding and high number of women feeding their children the infant milk. The stats were roughly around 80 % of Singapore three- month-old infants were being breastfed in 1951. By 1971 on 5% of mothers nursed their infants In Mexico around 1966, fewer than 40% mothers nursed their infants Chile experienced three times as many deaths of infants before they became 3 months old in 1973 (Ford, 2008).    There was marked shoot in the rate of gastroenteritis and malnutrition among the babies in the third world countries relating to the improper use of infant formula and the associated feeding equipment, such as bottles and nipples During the 1970s, British Charity Organization circulated a 28 page pamphlet called the Baby Killer which was targeted towards Nestle Switzerland and the poorly advertised marketing efforts in Africa. After the publication was well distributed it raised a concern for the general public and population of the affected countries and other countries. Later, Nestle was alleged as Unethical and immoral behavior.Nestle fought back and the trial lasted for two years therefore nestle was sued for defamation but inevitably Nestle won. But during this time nestle was given a set of code of ethics to follow by World health organization and UNICEF (Birbeck, 2007). The rules were as follows: The key points of the Code as established in 1981 were: Breast milk substitutes should not be advertised. Mothers and health care members are not to be given free supplies and samples. No promotion of products through health care facilities. No the marketing personal is not supposed to be in contact with the mother Information to health workers should be scientific and factual only. All information on artificial feeding, including the labels, should explain the benefits of breastfeeding and the costs and hazards of artificial feeding. Unsuitable products prohibited for babies. Babies should not be depicted on infant formula packaging. Labels should be set out in local native languages. By the end of 1989, The MNC introduced plan of Action for Infant and Young Child feeding where it committed to put a stop to all low priced and free supplies of infant milk formula in developing countries except for the number of children who need it. How Nestle breaks the Rule: Unethical Practises Nido is promoted worldwide. In Bolivia and other countries, Community and health workers are given free samples of Nido which stirs a mixed feeling among the mothers for children above four months although there is no age limits for nido. Neslac is promoted widely for babies for their first birthday although breast feeding is recommended for at least two years of age. Nestle promoted Neslac with the help of posters, gift offer and advertisements in all types of media. In Mexico and in other countries, Nestlà © provides pediatricians and nurses funds for congresses and other professional events Nestle sponsors workers with boxed lunches and vouchers in Taiwan.. In Italy, Nestlà © sponsored meetings and conferences under the brand name Guigoz. Cerelac is promoted in Pakistan on huge posters and roadside banners. Labeled bowls and cups are given out with every purchase of cerelac. The blue bear Logo that is seen almost in every country represents Infant formula and food. In UAE, Nestles distributed Pens with Cerelac logo. Company reps contact mothers though telephone in Hong Kong and Taiwan (Stafford, 1999). Nestlà ©- Baby Milk Ethical Issues Ethical Issues a) Infant Formula. The most important ethical question that arises regarding the use of infant formula is that if it is moral to produce or use the formula as a substitute for breast milk? The point of concern is that, if the infant formula is a bad thing like tobacco smoking or does it lie on the same fronts as consumption of alcohol where misuse leads to harms? The International Baby Food Action Network (IFBAN) suggests that in theory the infant formula might not be a bad thing but, on moral grounds it acts as a substitute for a perfectly good thing that is breast milk. b) Infant Formula cause of Child Deaths? There is no point questioning the fact that hundreds of thousands of young infants die every year in the developing countries mainly because of water-borne disease, malnutrition and some other factors. In case of Nestle it is important to distinguish between the deaths caused by the use and misuse of the infant formula which is the result of improper marketing of the formula as a substitute of breast milk and the deaths caused by other reasons. The use or misuse of the infant formula may lead to child death for various reasons which include negligence to certain important facts regarding the usage or simple ignorance of the mother or the feeder. Non-availability of proper ingredients like pure or clean water, or usage of non-sterilized bottles which are used to feed the infants has proved to be the major health risks. c) Supply of infant formula to regions with inadequate healthcare systems. The supply and promotion of infant formula to areas with weak health care facilities leads to a ethical predicament that, if it is moral on the companys behalf to supply their products in areas like Africa even if they are working within the frame work of the International code? Continue supply to these areas by infant formula companies is not considered an illegal issue as they follow the international code but their product is liked to deaths of young infants which surely make it an ethical issue. In such areas like Africa unsafe water and lack of sanitation are major factors underlying many of the 10 million child deaths every year. Repeated episodes of waterborne diseases like diarrhoea can push children to the brink of survival, leaving them too weak and malnourished to survive even common childhood illnesses (IBFAN, 2008). Illiteracy is another issue that these areas face as they are not able to read the instructions. In some cases, cans of formula were being sold with the inst ructions in the wrong language for the women being targeted which also proved to be an issue to some extent (Moorhead,2007). d) Abiding by the Code Out of all the other ethical issues one of the key issue revolving around the infant formula is the extent to which manufacturers are abiding by the International Code. According to the code article 1, the aim of the Code is to contribute to the provision of safe and adequate nutrition for infants, by the protection and promotion of breastfeeding, and by ensuring the proper use of breast milk substitutes,  when necessary, on the basis of adequate information and through appropriate marketing  and distribution (Ann,2007). Another article from the code states that there should be no advertising or any other form of promotion to the general public of products within the scope of this Code. The code was formed in 1981 reason being the manufacturers of the infant formula products were promoting their products as a replacement for breast milk and breast feeding was declining. Nestle even stated that the infant formula is better than the breast milk that lead to the boycott of Nestle pr oducts. After the boycott Nestle fell in line with the code but every now and then it has been seen that they find a loop hole in the code and take advantage. This is the reason boycott still continues. In Defense of Nestle The key ethical issues to the substitution of the breast-milk feed, there are two main key points to discuss in this part, and to show how the company thinks that the infant formula is not unethical. First point will be the status and the position of the infant formula, Nestlà © has a unique question to ask those whom are considering the infant formula as an ethical formula, and the question is Is the infant formula a bad thing in itself, as bad as the gambling and tobacco? Second point to discuss is child death cases and relating it to the infant formula, where Nastles says that there are many child death cases all over the world, and there are people and organizations known as competitors or IBFAN where they relate some of those child death cases to the infant formula, and ignoring the other real facts which they were the reason behind those cases, for an example, these people or organizations are ignoring the fact of the death cases in some countries in South Africa, and these re ason are, it is really hard and somehow impossible to find pure and clean water, although the UN is trying their best to provide that clean water for the people in South Africa, and those people want the infant formula to be withdrawn from there. Withdrawn the infant formula from that part of Africa can lead to some serious problems, where other competitors can enter South Africa with new non-efficient infant formula and cause more serious problems to those kids or the infant formula can be replaced sugar water or goat milk. Another causing of death cases to those poor kids is the weak health care system, those people or organizations are ignoring the fact of the weak health care system for instant in some countries in South Africa, therefore Nestlà © argument here is that countries in South Africa are having a weak health system, and people there are not well treated medically, therefore death cases should be related to the weak health system there not to the infant formula, there fore it is unfair and unethical to relate the death cases to the infant formula and to Nestlà ©. These countries should have full medical health care, especially for kids to protect them and to make them strong in order to face other illnesses in the future. After providing full and strong medical health care to those kids, then people can start put the blame on Nestles side after considering the other serious causes of death. Based on these two argument points Nestlà © sees itself doing an ethical and right thing by providing that part of the word with the infant formula. In Conclusion Breastfeeding is the best thing for baby because its containing the perfect amount of antibodies, water, carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins and minerals. Also mothers who cant breastfeed there newborn babies they will select formula as the second option for there babies, also many business women who work most of their time They dont have time to feed their babies as a result they always try to choose alternative ways to feed their babies and in the same time it contains every thing the babys needs.   First of all when we talk about the advantages of breastfeeding we will find out a lot of good results that impact the childrens health and their bodies in the future. Breast milk is personalized for babies as a whole meal because this milk contains everything the babies need to protect their bodies from allergy so that they will be less likely to get allergies and protecting them from asthma. Also, breastfeeding may help reduce the chance of becoming over weight, reducing stomach infections, and support babys sensitive digestive system .more over breast feeding is a very comfortable for the mother and its easier than using other artificial milks , in addition to what I mentioned earlier , another advantage of breastfeeding is to save money and its available at anytime and everywhere while artificial milks can be expensive and unaffordable however the breast feeding has a strong relationship between the mother and their babies. Secondly, on the other hand, The disadvantages of the artificial milks as we know that nestle is a leading consumer products companies in the world however it has many ethical issues relating to the breast milk substitutes, first of all , the moral status of the artificial milk or   the infant formula is more like tobacco or gambling where the problem arise from misusing it   such as the role of infant formula in child death , supplying infant formula in areas of weak healthcare systems

Inspirational Speech Essay

I would like to begin my speech by asking if anyone has ever felt like giving up on their education? Like myself, I am sure most will answer †Yes†. Today, I would like to speak on the importance of staying in school and completing your education. Hopefully what I have to say can both inspire you and motivate you to want nothing but the best for yourself and your future. One of the most important reasons why it is important to complete college and received a degree is because in todays society it is a mandate. There used to be a time where having a high school diploma or even a GED could get you by in life. Now, as times have advanced, most employers for a decent job won’t hire you unless you have an associates degree or higher. Just take a second to think about what the job requirements will be in years to come. It’s shocking to know that in just a few years to have a decent job you will need to have a bachelors or masters degree. I would like to share a sto ry with everyone. I have an Aunt that graduated from high school about 10 years ago. A few months after her graduation she was offered a good job opportunity for a company and she accepted it. She worked there for 7 years and one day her new boss told her that she needed to be recertified for the position. With all the changes that had gone on within society and within the workplace, the job now required that she have an associate’s degree. At the time my Aunt was a single mother and worked full time so it was an almost impossible task for her to complete an associate’s degree program in the allotted amount of time the job had given her. To make a long story short they allowed her to work at the job for 6 more months and let her go. Furthermore, it is not only important to complete college for the degree but for the status it brings. I’m sure everyone has friends and family members that are on a path for destruction. If they can see that you completed college, even with all you may have or have had going on in your life, it can be motivation for them. I’ve always been told that you never know the impact that your story will have on another person. In conclusion, some of you may be feeling a sense of discouragement, losing hope towards your life. Some of you may even be wondering why you’re sitting in that chair because there is no hope. Let me tell you first that you are a person of worth, a person who can be a successful businessperson or a famous entrepreneur one day. By stay motivated and having perseverance you can be successful in any career field of your choice. It may seem an impossible dream or goal but as  you know, it is never too late to get back up again. Every challenge and misfortune that you have to face during your duration in this school, will only make you a better and a stronger person.